Question

Take one flower each of the family Fabaceae and write its semi-technical description. Also, draw its floral diagram.

Answer 1

Hint: Fabaceae groups have unique characteristics and are very useful in fixing atmospheric nitrogen by their root nodules as many nitrogen-fixing bacteria remain in the root nodule. Microbes are able to fix the nitrogen by symbiotic relationship between the root of a plant and bacteria's present. It consists of plants named moong, soya bean, groundnut and sweet pea.

Complete answer:
Fabaceae belong to the pea plant family and legume plant family.
Fabaceae is a dicotyledons family, meaning on germination it has two leaves as initials.
It is a diverse family with huge economically benefiting features such as reducing pollution by fixing nitrogen.
They consist of shrubs, trees, herbs but the majority of subspecies are climbers.

Vegetative Characters of the family are :
Roots: they are taproot with root knobs.
Stem: It can be vertically straight, climber.
Fabaceae incorporates bushes, spices, trees and climbers.
Leaves: 2 types can be seen petiolate, pinnate. They can be compound or basic: pulvinus leaf base, specifically reticulate venation.

Botanical Characters of the family is:
Inflorescence: It is Racemose
Bloom: zygomorphic, hypogynous, bracteate/ebracteate.
 Calyx: They have usually five sepals, gamosepalous; valvate or imbricate aestivation.
Corolla: Five petals, polypetalous, papilionaceous, vexillary aestivation.
Androecium: Ten stamens (9+1), diadelphous, anther dithecous.
Gynoecium: Superior ovary, monocarpellary, unilocular, single, short - style and level, shaggy disgrace

Note: They are economically beneficial species as it helps in fixing atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium and nitrogen. It is used in the agriculture industry as soybean extract and groundnut extract is used for making essential cooking oil and few mulethi plants are used for medical purposes and curing the pain.