Question

Syngenesious condition is found in
(A) Asteraceae
(B) Labiatae
(C) Solanaceae
(D) Fabaceae

Answer 1

Hint: The syngenesious condition is found in the male reproductive part of the flower that is the stamen. The anther is the pollen grain producing part and filament is the long stalk that connects it to the flower. The stamen in which anther remains fused but filament remains free is termed as syngenesious anther.

Complete answer:
A typical anther is bilobed. The two anther lobes are separated by a deep groove in front and are attached to each other by a band of vasculated sterile tissue called connective. Each anther is a four sided tetragonal structure consisting of four microsporangia located at corners, two in each lobe. Hence, a mature anther is tetrasporangiate. Microsporangia forms pollen sacs which on maturity become filled with pollen grains.
Now let us know something about given options :-
Asteraceae :- The stamen of Asteraceae contains anther that remains fused but filament remains free . This condition is called as syngenesious condition. Thus this option is correct.
Labiatae :- the stamen remains connected with corolla. The anthers are with conspicuous appendages and are not fused . Staminode is present.
Solanaceae :- the members of this family have anther present in the centre. Anther and filament also remains fused with petals.
Fabaceae :- they have longitudinal anther that are free means they are apocarpous. They do not remain fused.

Our required answer is A) Asteraceae.

Note: Anther wall consists of layer Outermost single layered and protective in function. The epidermis of Arceuthobium develops some fibrous thickenings and is called exothecium. Fibrous bands are absent in hydrophytes, e.g., Hydrocharitaceae.