Question

What suggestions will you give to a farmer to increase the productivity of his field? Explain.

Answer 1

Hint: Crop yield is by definition known as the quantity of the production made by a farm which is produced per unit area of the land. This is dependent on various factors like the selection of the right seeds for planting, which crop should be cultivated and the production of the crop from losses. India is the country where 75% of the livelihood is dependent on agriculture. There has been an approximately four times rise in the rate of food production since 1960.

Complete answer:
In order to improve the crop production we need to choose the crop variety which increases the crop yield. We need to focus on areas like disease resistance, product quality, response to fertilizers, and high product quantity. The technique of hybridization is used for inculcating the desirable characteristics to our crop variety. This involves introducing the desirable gene to get the desirable characters from the crop.
We need to improve the yielding capacity of a crop variety because of various factors like getting more products, increasing the nutritional value of the food, getting disease resistant plants which are resistant to insects, adverse climatic changes, pests. This may also reduce the time between the time of the harvest and the time of sowing. The crop production is not affected by the external environment and the desirable characteristics are obtained.
Certain measures must be taken in order to increase the crop yielding -
A) The nutrients which are required for the better production and growth of the plant are provided by air, water and soil which includes carbon, oxygen supplied by the air, inorganic elements provided by the soil and hydrogen, oxygen provided by the water. Farmers should ensure that the soil is rich in these inorganic substances. They can enrich the soil with fertilizers, compost etc. The earthworms are really very helpful in enriching the soil because they break down the dead and decaying parts of plants and animals into smaller parts and make a really good compost.
B) The crop production is crucially dependent on the rain and monsoon. The farmers should ensure proper water supplies to the crops for proper irrigation. They should practice techniques like water harvesting to save water in other seasons of the year.
C) The farmers may also use the technique of mixed farming which is sowing different types of crops together. For example, they can sow groundnut with sunflower, wheat with mustard.
D) The farmer should ensure the infections in the plants through various varieties of insects, pests. They cause lethal diseases in plants leading to destruction of the whole crop. To overcome this, farmers should use pest resistant varieties of the seeds. They can also use pesticides and insecticides. They can practice mechanical removal of insects and pests.

Note:
Improvement in the production can be achieved by practicing various types of techniques which includes selection of the right seeds, plant hybridization, protecting the farm from insects and pests. These techniques may enhance the production to a different level which is really important in a country like India where most of the economy is dependent upon the agriculture sector.