Question

Statements:
A. Plasma constitutes 45% of the human blood
B. Albumin is a plasma protein which helps in osmotic balance
C. Factors responsible for the blood clotting process are present in the blood
D. Plasma without clotting factor is called serum
E. Minerals are not generally found in the blood
Of the above statements:
a. Only E is wrong and all other A to D are correct
b. A and B are correct and C,D and E are wrong.
c. B and D are correct and A,C and E are wrong.
d. A and E are correct and B, C and D are wrong.
e. B, C and D are correct and A and E are wrong.

Answer 1

Hint: As we have learnt that Blood is a special connective tissue that consists of plasma, fluid matrix and formed elements. Blood constitutes about 45% of formed elements and 55% of plasma. On removal of formed elements from the blood, a straw-coloured fluid obtained is the Plasma. It is a yellow coloured, viscous fluid and 90-92% of the plasma is water.

Complete answer:
Blood plasma is a yellow coloured, viscous fluid which constitutes nearly 8-10% solutes and 6-8% proteins. The major proteins present in plasma are Albumin, fibrinogen and Globulins.
Albumin present in approximately 54% amount, plays a crucial role in maintaining the osmotic balance for electrolyte concentration.
Globulins are involved in defence mechanisms and constitute about 38% of plasma proteins and Fibrinogen (about 7 %) is critically used for coagulation or clotting of blood. The clotting factors
Plasma also contains minerals like magnesium, sodium, calcium, bicarbonate along with amino acids, lipids and glucose.
13 clotting factors are also present in the plasma mainly Fibrinogen which is a clotting factor I, Prothrombin clotting factor II and Fibrin clotting factor XIII and the plasma without the clotting factors is called serum.

Hence, from the above explanation we can find out that the correct answer is (e).

Note:
Blood constitutes about 45% of formed elements and 55% of plasma. Formed elements involve Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells), Leucocytes (White Blood Cells) and platelets. RBCs are the most abundant and a healthy person has 5-5.5 millions of RBCs on an average with a life span of 120 days. So, do not get confused and try to remember these points.