Question

State weather true or false- According to Ewing’s molecular theory, every molecule of a given substance is a magnet by itself.
(A) True
(B) False

Answer 1

Hint:-It is a theory of ferromagnetic phenomena which assumes that each atom is a permanent magnet which can turn freely about its center under the influence of applied fields and other magnets.

Complete step by step answer:
The above given statement is true. That is, according to Ewing’s molecular theory every molecule of a given substance is a magnet by itself. We know that the basic cause of magnetism is the revolution of the electron in an atom. Also, we know that motion of electrons is called current. Development of current in loops, in turn produces magnetic fields around it. Hence, Ewing’s theory brings down the origin of magnetism down to its molecular level. Another description of this theory would be- considered a magnet which is broken into two parts. In doing so, each part becomes a separate magnet with both north and south poles. On further breaking the magnet, we will keep on getting such observations until we reach the molecular level. These tiny magnet pieces are called molecular magnets.

Note: Magnetic materials consist of groups of these tiny molecular magnets, most of them lined up in one direction to provide separate north and south poles. But, in a non-magnetized state, those molecular magnets are oriented vaguely to different directions, unlike in the magnetic substance. So, the net magnetic field becomes nullified.