Question

State the function of plumule and cotyledon of the embryo of a dicot seed.

Answer 1

Hint: Some of the nuts like cashew nuts and almonds and some plants like peas show dicotyledonous embryo development. Dicotyledons are abbreviated as dicots and are an aggregation of all angiosperms.

Complete solution:
Whenever a plant undergoes sexual reproduction they essentially produce seeds which are the result of reproduction in the plants. A typical embryo of the dicotyledonous plants consists of parts like the radical, plumule, two cotyledons, hypocotyl, and the root cap. Epicotyl refers to the part of the embryonal axis which is present above the cotyledons. The plumule is the terminating point of epicotyl. The part which lies below the cotyledons is referred to as the hypocotyl and it terminates at the radical.
In seeds, the plant embryos consist of structures called cotyledons. A cotyledon is the central portion of an embryo to which the epicotyls that are the immature shoot, and the radicle that is the immature roots, are attached. If the embryo has only one cotyledon, it is a monocot plant or monocotyledons and if it has two cotyledons it is a dicot plant or dicotyledons.
Functions of Plumule:
-The shoots of the plants that bear the leaves developed from the plumule of teh embryo.
-The plumule helps in giving rise to the serial shoots of the plants.
-From the plumule teh radicle arises which gives rise to the roots of the plants.
Functions of the cotyledon:
-In plants, the cotyledons are photosynthetic and function as leaves. The cotyledons are the first part of the plant that emerges from the soil.
-It also helps the new plant when it begins to grow, because they contain the stored food reserves from the seed, to give the plant its initial burst of energy to grow.
-When the seed germinates or begins to grow, then the cotyledon may become the first leaves of the seedling.
-It contains protein, fats, and starches which provide energy for the developing seedling.

Note:
Dicotyledonous seed primarily differs from that of the monocotyledonous seed in the number of cotyledons that are present in the embryo, which also justifies their name too. In dicotyledonous seed, there is the presence of two cotyledons and the cotyledons are swollen as it is filled with food reserves while monocotyledons consist of a single cotyledon.