Question

State the chemical property in each case on which the following uses of baking soda are based
(i) As an antacid
(ii) As a constituent of baking powder.
Give the chemical for baking soda.

Answer 1

Hint: The chemical compound sodium bicarbonate has the formula $ NaHC{{O}_{3}} $ . A sodium cation ( $ N{{a}^{+}} $ ) and a bicarbonate anion ( $ HC{{O}_{3}}^{-} $ ) make up this salt. Sodium bicarbonate is a crystalline white substance that frequently appears as a fine powder. It tastes somewhat salty and alkaline, similar to washing soda (sodium carbonate).

Complete answer:
Baking powder:
Baking powder, which is also available for cooking, includes about 30% bicarbonate and a variety of acidic chemicals that are activated by water, eliminating the need for additional acids in the cooking medium. Sodium bicarbonate is commonly mixed with calcium acid phosphate, sodium aluminium phosphate, or cream of tartar in baking powder. Baking soda is alkaline, and the acid in baking powder prevents a metallic flavour when sodium carbonate is formed during the baking process. Tartaric acid and baking soda are mixed together. When it interacts with an acid, $ CO_2 $ is released.
Antacid
Acid indigestion and heartburn can be treated with a solution of sodium bicarbonate and water. It generates salt, water, and carbon dioxide when it reacts with stomach acid:
 $ NaHC{{O}_{3}}~+\text{ }HCl\text{ }\to \text{ }NaCl\text{ }+\text{ }{{H}_{2}}O\text{ }+\text{ }C{{O}_{2}}\left( g \right) $
An efficient gastrointestinal lavage preparation and laxative prior to gastrointestinal surgery, gastroscopy, and other procedures is a combination of sodium bicarbonate and polyethylene glycol mixed in water and given orally. For situations of acidosis or when the blood contains inadequate sodium or bicarbonate ions, intravenous sodium bicarbonate in an aqueous solution is occasionally utilised.

Note:
When sodium bicarbonate interacts with acids, $CO_2 $ gas is released as a reaction product. In chemical laboratories, it's often used to neutralise undesirable acid solutions or acid spills. Even though sodium bicarbonate is amphoteric, meaning it reacts with both acids and bases, it should not be used to neutralise bases.