Question

State any two principles of ‘Panchsheel’ in the Non-Aligned Movement.

Answer 1

Hint:
A joint statement released during the visits to India of Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in 1954 was the Panchsheel or "Five Principles of Peaceful Life." It was the time in Asia and Africa that marked the end of colonialism and the rise of new nations.

Complete step by step solution:
- Panchsheel is a Trade and Intercourse Deal between China's Tibet Region and India.
- The agreement was signed by Indian Ambassador N. Raghavan and Chang Han-fu, the Chinese Deputy Foreign Minister, in Beijing on April 29, 1954.
- All this was achieved in line with the guidance of Shri Pandit Nehru. India wanted peaceful and friendly relations with all nations , especially the great powers and the neighbouring nations.
- Raghavan promoted adherence to five guiding principles, known as Panchsheel, while signing a peace agreement with China.
It is a collection of Five Peaceful Coexistence Principles for regulating relations between states.
They are—
- Mutual regard for territorial integrity and sovereignty.
- Non-aggression reciprocal.
- Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another.
- Equality and mutual advantage.
- Tranquil co-existence.
In 1954, between China and India, it was first indicted in treaty form.
The agreement was perceived by India as an opportunity to enforce its anti-colonial stance.
China saw a way of testing the growing anti-communist sentiments in the West in this expression of 'Asian solidarity.'

Note:
Panchsheel has been invoked by China now because –

- India has been constructive and aggressive in its stance in Doklam, unlike previous confrontations.
- India's newfound assertiveness has left China falling for a gambit.
- There is no question that peace is the only way to settle the dispute, but its implementation should not be selective and devious.