Question

State and explain henry’s law.

Answer 1

Hint: One of the most famous and important laws in chemistry is henry’s law. It is one of the gas laws. It has many applications that are used in our daily life. William Henry is the scientist who invented Henry's law.

Complete step by step answer:
Statement: At a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid.
\[{\text{P }}\alpha {\text{ C}}\]
\[{\text{P = }}{{\text{k}}_{\text{H}}} \times {\text{ C}}\]
Where,
P stands for partial pressure of the gas in the atmosphere above the liquid.
C stands for concentration of the dissolved gas.
The value of Henry's law constant \[{{\text{k}}_{\text{H}}}\]varies from gas to gas.
For example,
\[{{\text{k}}_{\text{H}}}\] value for oxygen is 34840 \[bar.L.mo{l^{ - 1}}\]
\[{{\text{k}}_{\text{H}}}\] value for carbon dioxide is \[1.6 \times {10^3}{\text{atm}}{\text{.L}}{\text{.mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\]
Henry's law constant can be referred to as two types. One is henry’s law solubility constant and it is denoted by H if the constant is defined in terms of solubility / pressure and the other is henry’s law volatility constant and it is denoted by \[{{\text{k}}_{\text{H}}}\] if the constant is defined in terms of pressure / solubility.
Examples: Pepsi and other carbonated drinks, respiration and the oxygenation of blood etc.
Factors that affect the henry’s law constant:
-The nature of the gas
-The nature of the solvent
-Temperature and pressure

Note: There are some limitations also for henry’s law. This law is only accepted if the molecules of the system are in state of equilibrium. This law fails when the gases are placed under extremely high pressure.