Question

State a difference between a gene and an allele.

Answer 1

Hint: Gene is the structural and functional unit of the hereditary, and genes make up the structure of the DNA, and in humans each genes has two copies, where we called it as alleles and each of this come from both parents, and the uniqueness of type of individual.

Complete answer:

Gene	Allele
Gene is nothing but a short sequence of the DNA, that usually encodes certain traits	Alleles are different variants of genes
Gene only determines the trait of an individual, like color, height, etc.	Each allele is responsible for the diverse features of a gene traits
Gene can have different alleles	For a gene an individual contain 2 alleles and those alleles may be homozygous or heterozygous, it may be dominant or recessive
Some of the examples for the gene traits that responsible are skin color, color of hair, etc	Particular color, gene responsible for color, but allele responsible for a particular color like black, brown, etc.

Functions of genes and alleles
- In general, genes are responsible for the trait of an organism.
- These genes normally provide the instructions for protein synthesis.
- Each chromosome has a homologous locus, where a pair of each gene is present, and this is called alleles.
- Those alleles pair obtain one from the mother and others from the father.
- Those alleles present on the homologous chromosome play an important role in shaping the features of an individual.

Note: In order to say in simple terms, everyone has a pair of alleles for each gene which are inherited from the parents, and this alleles shows the variations for a trait, for example color of hair, alleles of that particular gene is responsible for it.