Question

Sparger in bioreactor facilities.
(a) Purification of products
(b) Maintenance of temperature and pH control
(c) Availability of oxygen through the process
(d) Maintenance of anaerobic conditions.

Answer 1

Hint: The bioreactors are the devices in the form of the vessel which contains various organisms or chemical substances that undergo the chemical processes and result in the formation of the biologically active substances.

Complete answer
The biologically active environment can be supported with the activity of the bioreactor which is the engineered device or the manufactured device. The process involved in this can be aerobic as well as anaerobic. This device is made up of stainless steel in the shape of a cylinder and carries out several processes related to cell culture or tissue storage. It is useful for the field of biotechnology, microbiology, tissue engineering, etc. In the case of the aerobic cultivation process, the sparger helps in providing a sufficient amount of oxygen to the cells that are growing.

Additional information
The bioreactor is designed in a very complex manner. Normally, the cell may not undergo the specific process but when kept inside the bioreactor then it will perform those functions since from the inside the bioreactors maintain the temperature, pH, nutrients and gases concentration, etc that helps in the growth of an individual. The cooling jacket maintains the temperature and the nutrients, gases are added to the fermenter for the process of fermentation to occur. Oxygen is found to be less soluble in water thus maintaining anaerobic conditions. This oxygen is then carried to the agitators that help in mixing the nutrients. They also break the air bubbles and help in moving them all around the vessel.

So, the correct answer is ‘Availability of oxygen through the process’.

Note:
The bioreactors are of various types based on their functions. It is a photobioreactor when it involves light, may be sunlight or any artificial light. The Stirred bioreactor is the one in which the cell enzymes, antibodies are mixed together through mechanical agitation.