Question

What is absolute and relative permeability?

Answer 1

Hint: Absolute permeability is the permeability of free space. The relative permeability of a magnetic material is defined as the ratio of its absolute permeability. In this question, we will understand the concept of magnetic flux and magnetic field of lines. This question is related to the concept of magnetism.

Complete step by step solution:
The measure of the ability of a material to concentrate magnetic flux is called permeability. Magnetic flux density is the measure of the number of magnetic lines of force passing normally through per unit of cross-sectional area. Magnetic field lines are an imaginary representation to represent magnetic fields. They also describe the direction of the magnetic force. When there is a current flowing in a wire, a circular magnetic field is produced around the wire. A solenoid is a long coil of wire wound in the air that has been bound many times into a tightly packed coil.Electromagnet uses electricity to create their power of magnetism. They can be switched on and off when the electricity is turned on and off. Cranes use huge electromagnets to pick up the scrap metals in junkyards and their magnetism can be controlled with the amount of current. Powerful magnets are used in high-speed bullet trains. These bullet trains run very efficiently because these trains will float over their track and reduce a large amount of friction. Torque is the measure of the amount of force that is acted on an object and which makes an object rotate about an axis. It is also known as pulling power and is also called the moment of a force about an axis. When a particle is traveling in a straight line then electric and magnetic force get balanced. Soft iron is easily magnetized because it has a high permeability. The permeability of any material is a measure of how easy for flux lines to pass through it. The permeability of magnetic materials varies according to the degree of their magnetization. The mathematical relation for absolute and relative permeability is defined as
\[\begin{align}
  & {{\mu }_{r}}=\dfrac{\mu }{{{\mu }_{0}}} \\
 & \\
\end{align}\]
Where,
\[{{\mu }_{r}}\]is the relative permeability.
\[\mu \] permeability of substance .
\[{{\mu }_{0}}\]permeability of vacuum.
Note: Magnets only work on motion. Mono poles might exist. Magnets are the key to special relativity. The magnetic fields are strongest at poles and field lines are also concentrated. Toroid is a ring on which wires are wounded in large numbers. Magnets have also been used to study communication patterns. Strong rare magnet can turn some metal into a magnet.