Question

Siliqua fruit occurs in
(a)Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
(b)Solanum nigrum
(c)Brassica campestris
(d)Althaea rosea

Answer 1

Hint: Siliqua is a dry, dehiscent fruit, developed from bicarpellary, syncarpous, and superior ovary with parietal placentation. Siliqua is the characteristic of Cruciferae. Siliques are present in many members of the mustard family.

Complete answer:
This type of fruit is commonly found in Brassicaceae. This is a long, narrow, many-seeded fruit that develops from a superior bicarpellary ovary with two parietal placentae. It dehisces from below upwards by both the sutures Here the ovary is one-chambered at first, but later on, it becomes two-chambered because of the development of a false septum, which extends from one placenta to another. Siliqua is a dry fruit that separates at maturity into two or four segments called valves, leaving a persistent partition that bears the seeds. A typical silique is an elongated capsule, such as in cabbage. A silicle, or silicula, is a short and broad silique, as in the shepherd's purse. The outer walls of the ovary usually separate when ripe, then being named dehiscent, and leaving a persistent partition.

Additional Information: -Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has an accessory fruit developing from the thalamus.
-Solanum nigrum has a simple, dehiscent fruit known as a legume. It is developed from the monocarpellary, superior, and unilocular ovary.
-Althaea rosea has Carcerulas type of fruit. It is a dry schizocarp that develops from the bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovary.
So, the correct answer is 'Brassica campestris'.

Note: -Siliques are present in many members of the mustard family, Brassicaceae, but some species have silicles instead.
-Some species closely related to plants with true siliques have fruits with a similar structure that do not open when ripe; these are usually called indehiscent siliques.
-When a siliqua fruit becomes much shorter and flattened and as broad as it is long with a few seeds, it is called silicula, e.g., Capsella and candytuft.