Question

What signals does a virally infected cell that is infected presents?

Answer 1

Hint: Viruses are known to reproduce only inside the limits of their host cell. The parent virus (virion) produces a vast number of offspring that are genetically and physically identical to it.During the vegetative cycle of viral infection, progeny viruses can multiply quickly. Cell death and the production of many viral progeny are common outcomes of this infection cycle.
The viral genetic material is either latent or incorporated into the genome of the host cell. Cells infected with temperate viruses that break down when subjected to a chemical or physical stimulus, such as ultraviolet radiation, are known as lysogenic cells.

Complete answer:
A virally infected cell typically emits three signals. The creation of a double-stranded RNA, which produces interferon, is the first signal; the development of a viral protein on the plasma membrane's surface is the second signal. As a result, it activates natural killer cells, cytotoxic T-cells, and, in some cases, induces antibody formation. The third signal occurs when an inclusion body forms in the nucleus or cytoplasm, or in both the nucleus and cytoplasm on rare occasions.
Interferon can cause a cell to become virus-resistant. NK cells (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tc) recognise infected cells and trigger apoptosis, or cell death (also known as programmed cell death).

Note:
Interferons are glycoproteins that are secreted by virus-infected and tumour cells in our bodies to protect uninfected cells from pathogen attack. These interferons activate natural killer cells called macrophages, which block virus multiplication.Because of their capacity to stop viral replication, interferons were given that name. Interferon, in its different forms, is the body's most swiftly produced and vital virus defence.
Interferons are known to have immunoregulatory properties, including inhibiting B-cell activation, raising T-cell activity, and promoting natural killer cell activity.