Question

Sedimentation unit of Ribosome is
(a) Micron
(b) Milimicron
(c) Angstrom
(d) Svedberg

Answer 1

Hint: It is the measure taken to compare the ribosomes which is the sedimentation coefficient (70S ribosome in bacteria with 50S and 30S subunits). It helps to measure the size of the particle-based on the sedimentation rate.

Complete step by step answer:
Ribosomes are known as protein factories of the cell because they are the main site of protein synthesis.
It is made up of 2 subunits:
Large subunits: will join amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
Small subunits: helps to read RNA.
The Svedberg (S) is the measure used to differentiate the ribosomes which is the sedimentation coefficient, in which the sedimentation coefficient is the 70S, and the subunits are 50S and 30S.
It helps to measure the size of the particle-based on the sedimentation rate.
So, the correct answer is 'S (Svedberg) '.

Additional Information:
- mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm, where it binds with ribosomes after mRNA is synthesized by the transcription process.
- Ribosomes are protein synthesis sites. There are three major binding sites in total for ribosomes, that is, one for mRNA and two (A site and P site) for tRNA. The P site is occupied by the initial codon methionine and the A site of this tRNA is occupied by the second codon. A base pair with the mRNA in the A site forms the tRNA molecule whose anticodon is complementary to the mRNA.
- A peptide bond is formed between the amino acid attached to the A- site tRNA and the P- site methionine. The protein chain that is linked to the tRNA in the P site is released at that point and the translation is complete.

Note: Claude was the scientist who was first to isolate the ribosomes in 1983A.D. Ribosomes were first reported in the root cells of the broad beans. They are the smallest known electron microscopic cells organelle. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis and based on the sedimentation coefficient, these are of two types: 70s ribosomes and 80s ribosomes.