Question

Satellite DNA is important because it
A. Codes for enzymes needed for DNA replication
B. Codes for proteins needed in cell cycle
C. Shows high degree of polymorphism in population and also the same degree of polymorphism in an individual which is heritable from parents to children
D. Does not code for proteins and is the same in all members of the population.

Answer 1

Hint: DNA is the region which is made of repeated sequences. This region will not encode any protein or any type of enzymes. High degree of polymorphism is found in this region along with the population or between two different organisms. This all can be used for DNA fingerprinting also. The satellite DNA in related individuals show the same degree of polymorphism. This data can be used for paternity testing in which the offspring and parent have the same degree of polymorphism.

Complete answer:
Option- A- replication is a semiconservative process where a parental strand (template) is used to synthesize a new complementary daughter strand using several protein elements which include enzymes and RNA molecules.
Option B- Replication process uses DNA polymerase as the main enzyme for catalyzing the joining of deoxyribonucleic 5′-triphosphates (dNTPs) forming a growing chain of DNA.
Option C- Groups, individuals or populations DNA polymorphisms are a different DNA sequence. At the DNA level will include a wide range of variations from single base pair change to many base pairs along with repeated sequences. Genomic variability is present in many forms, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs, e.g., mini- and microsatellites), transposable elements (e.g., Alu repeats), structural alterations, and copy number variations.
Option D- it can be the same in related individuals but is not the same for all the population. Satellite DNA is important because it has the power to show high degree of polymorphism in population or the same degree in case of heredity.

So it can be said that the correct answer would be option C.

Note: Different forms of DNA polymorphisms can be tracked using a variety of techniques. Satellite DNA is very important because it shows a high degree of polymorphism in population or same degree in case of heredity.