Question

Read the following statements.
(i) W causes peptic ulcers
(ii) X is a non- heritable, communicable disease
(iii) disease Y is transmitted through a vector in which human RBCs and liver cells are affected
(iv) Z is a disease caused by a protozoa and damages the nervous system

Which of the following is correct regarding W, X, Y and Z?
A. W is a protozoan and X is diabetes
B. X is thalassemia and Y is malaria
C. W is a bacterium and Z is kala-azar
D. W is a bacterium and Z is sleeping sickness

Answer 1

Hint: Open sores on the inside lining of your stomach and the upper region of your small intestine are known as peptic ulcers. Stomach discomfort is the most prevalent sign of a peptic ulcer.
Gastric ulcers, which form on the inside of the stomach, and duodenal ulcers, which occur on the inside of the upper portion of the small intestine, are examples of peptic ulcers (duodenum). The bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium are the most common causes of peptic ulcers (Aleve).

Complete answer:
Option A: The bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium are the most common causes of peptic ulcers.
So, option A is not correct.
Option B: Thalassemia is a genetic disorder. The genes a person inherits from his or her parents before birth decide whether or not they will develop thalassemia. Thalassemia cannot be caught or spread from one person to another.
So, option B is not correct.
Option C: Kala azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is a parasitic infection that affects the internal organs such as the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. If the infection is not treated, the host will nearly invariably die.
So, option C is not correct.
Option D: An ulcer is clearly the outcome of a misalignment of digestive juices in the stomach and duodenum. The most common cause of ulcers is a bacterial infection called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
Sleeping sickness is a common tropical condition that, if left untreated, can be fatal. It is transmitted through the bite of an infected tsetse fly (Glossina), an African species.
So, option D is correct.

Hence, Option D is the correct answer.
Note:
Sleeping sickness is a tropical condition that, if not treated appropriately, can be fatal. It is carried through the bite of the Tsetse fly, an African species unique to the continent.
This disease is caused by two parasites called Trypanosoma brucie gambiense and Trypanosoma brucie rhodesiense. These parasites are found in flies such as the Tsetse fly, which is primarily responsible for disease transmission. When a human is bitten by this fly, the infection spreads throughout the body via the bloodstream.