Question

Rayon and cellophane are formed of 
(a) Cellulose xanthate 
(b) Cellulose nitrate
(c) Cellulose acetate
(d) Carboxymethyl cellulose 

Answer 1

Hint: The substance from which rayon and cellophane are formed is used in the mining industry. It is primarily used as a flotation agent for metal recovery, such as copper, nickel, silver, or gold, as well as solid metal sulfides or oxides from slurries of rock.

Complete answer:
Cellulose xanthate is formed from the cellulose and carbon disulfide reactions in the presence of sodium hydroxide. It produces rayon and cellophane when it is neutralized with sulfuric acid.
- The process of producing the rayon starts with chips of wood pulp or ash, typically from spruce or pine trees. The wood is treated with carbon disulfide which converts wood cellulose to xanthate cellulose. This move aims at converting an insoluble material (cellulose) into a soluble material (xanthate cellulose) . The xanthate cellulose is then dissolved in a solid alkali, sodium hydroxide, which forms a dense, viscous solution. The solution's viscosity is responsible for the name given to this rayon making method, the viscose process.
- The xanthate cellulose solution is then allowed to stand in a "ripening space" for eight to ten hours. During this time, the xanthate cellulose is slowly giving up its carbon disulfide and reverting to cellulose. The end result of these steps is the recovery of cellulose in a shape that makes it easier to work with and with which to produce long fibers. The fibers are formed by forcing cellulose through plates called spinnerets from the viscous solution, with many small holes in them.
Rayon: Rayon is a regenerated cellulose fiber, produced from natural cellulose sources such as wood and related agricultural products. It has the same molecular structure as cellulose. There are several variations and grades of viscose fibers and films. Which mimics the look and sound of natural fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, and linen. The types which imitate silk are often referred to as artificial silk.
Cellophane properties: Cellophane is a thin layer of regenerated cellulose consisting of translucent plastic. It is useful for food packaging because of its low permeability to dirt, oils, greases, bacteria, and water. To avoid this, cellophane is extremely permeable to water vapor but can be coated with nitrocellulose lacquer. In addition to food packaging, cellophane is used in clear pressure- sensitive banding, tubing, and many other related applications.
So, the correct answer is, ‘cellulose xanthate’.

Note: Rayon is a cost- effective alternative to silk. It is smooth, comfortable, and breathable easily takes dyes, and comes from sustainable raw materials. Nowadays, cellophane hair treatment is done to get smooth and shiny hair. Also, cellophane covers grey hair.