Question

Pusa gaurav variety is resistant to insect pest developed by hybridization and selection belong to
a. Flat bean
b. Okra
c. Rapeseed mustard
d. Wheat

Answer 1

Hint: Plant breeding is the purposeful alteration of the genes of plant species to create desired plant types that are better fitted to cultivation, can produce better yields, and are disease resistant also as resistant to some pests. Insect resistance refers to the crops that either naturally or when genetically engineered can resist the damage caused by the insects.

Complete answer:
- Pusa Sem 2, Pusa Sem 3 is an insect-resistant variety of Flat bean that shows resistance against jassids, aphids, and fruit borer.
- Pusa Sawani, Pusa A-4 is an insect-resistant variety of Okra that shows resistance against Shoot and Fruit borer.
- Pusa Gaurav is an insect-resistant variety of Rapeseed mustard that shows resistance against the aphids.
- Himgiri is the variety of Wheat that provides resistance against plant diseases such as Leaf and stripe rust and hill bunt.

Hence, The correct answer is option (C).

Additional information:
The steps involved in developing the insect resistance are-
- Collection of variability
- Evaluation and selection of parents
- Cross hybridization among the selected parents
- Selecting and testing of superior recombinants
- Testing, release, and commercialization of new cultivars.

Objectives of Plant Breeding to increase yield, vigor, and fertility of the crop
- To increase tolerance to environmental conditions, salinity, temperature, and drought.
- To stop the premature falling of buds, fruits, etc.
- To enhance synchronous maturity.
- To develop resistance to pathogens and pests.

Note: Breeding is administered by conventional breeding methods (hybridization and selection) or by mutation breeding. Steps in conventional breeding are - screening germplasm for resistant sources, hybridization, selection, evaluation, testing, and release of new varieties.
Mutation means the sudden heritable changes within the genotype or phenotype of an organism. Gene mutations are of considerable importance in plant breeding as they supply essential inputs for evolution also as for recombination and selection. It's the sole method for improving seedless crops.