Question

Potato and sweet potato
a) Have edible parts which are homologous organs
b) Have edible parts which are analogous organs
c) Have been introduced India from the same place
d) Are two species of the same genus

Answer 1

Hint: The evolution in the plants and animals has led them to develop the organs that may be similar in structure but perform different functions or may be different in anatomy but perform the same function. Potato is a modified stem which stores the food underground. The same is the situation with the sweet potato which is a form of modified root used for the storage of food.

Complete answer:
Different parts of plants and animals undergo modification in the course of evolution for different purposes. Underground stem of potato has modified i.e. evolved to store food in them in the form of starch. On the same hand, the roots of sweet potatoes have been modified for the same purpose. The modified stem of potato and the modified root of sweet potato are the edible parts respectively. When modification as a result of evolution takes place for the same function it is called analogous evolution.
Additional information: Comparison of anatomical and morphological features serves as an evidence of evolution. If the same structure in different animals developed along with different directions due to adaptations to different needs, then it is divergent evolution and these structures are called homologous. When a different structure in different animals evolves for the same function then it is called convergent evolution and the structures are called analogous.

So, the correct answer is ‘Have edible parts which are analogous organs.

Note: All the species present on the earth that we see today were not created as present in the modern-day. They have undergone lots of evolutionary changes that led to their current formation. The sweet potato is said to have been evolved at least 8,00,000 years ago after two species became distinct and hybridized.