Question

Why do people with Down Syndrome have big tongues?

Answer 1

Hint: Down syndrome is a genetic disorder which shows trisomy in the chromosomes. Down syndrome shows defects in developmental and intellectual delays. It is also the abnormal cell division in the extra genetic material of chromosome number $21$. This results in the partial development or extra development of the chromosome $21$.

Complete answer:
Down syndrome not only causes changes in developmental delays also in physical features. It can depend on the severity between individuals on what scale the intellectual disability delays. It is one of the common genetic defects in the field of science and genetics. Mostly initiation from small children to adults.
Also shows defects in normal physical abilities like- walking, growth and gastrointestinal disorders and heart abnormalities. Understanding the syndrome can be different in both children and adults. Symptoms includes- an individual having developmental problems can be ranged from mild to severe or moderate even. As we discussed that- some people have severity and other organ problems and some can stay normal without any organ defects.
People having symptoms like- grown facial features such as small head, short neck, stunted growth, protruding tongue, upward eye lids known as Palpebral fissures, small ears, poor muscle tone and often single crease in palm or no crease in palms. Relatively short fingers and white spots in eyes.
Hence, people having down syndrome have protruded tongues which means they have their tongues outward and lowered always which is a symptom showing the syndrome. Infants having the syndrome develop slowly the symptoms like- their physical growth is not up-to the growths of normal children.

Note:
The abnormal cells have partial or full chromosomes \[21\]. It is not inherited from the parental genes. However, the syndrome can pass from parent to child. The percentage is low but $3 - 4$ $\% $ are transferred from parents. There are also risk factors such as- being a carrier in the gene translocation for down syndrome and having one child with down syndrome.