Question

PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism are the methods used for
a) DNA sequencing
b) Genetic fingerprinting
c) Study of immunology
d) Genetic transformation

Answer 1

Hint PCR or polymerase chain reaction is the method to make billions of copies of the genetic material from a small sample. It is used for studying a particular genetic material that is available in a very small quantity. This technique is also used in the investigation of a crime scene.

Complete answer: The PCR and RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) are the methods used for the genetic fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is the method in which a small sample is found in the investigating crime scene and to study it the forensic analyst amplifies it and makes copies of it to study properly. The copies made provide an assurance that even if the sample gets destroyed the study can be done from the amplified copies made and criminals can be caught from that. The basic steps involved in the genetic fingerprinting are as follows an extraction of DNA from the cells, cutting of DNA from enzymes and then separating the fragments on the agarose gel plate using electrophoresis, attachment of the radioactive probe, transfer to the paper and the final step is to set an X-ray film. Using the x-ray film produced the study of the sample can be done.

So, the answer is ‘genetic fingerprinting’.

Note: These genetic fingerprinting techniques are used for the evidence in the courts, to identify the criminals, and to find the lost parents of the child. It is also used for curing genetic disorders. Each person has a particular genetic material making the DNA makeup unique for each individual.