Question

Pars distalis region of pituitary does not produce these hormones:-
I. Melanocyte stimulating hormone
II. Vasopressin
III. Prolactin
IV. Growth hormone
A. III only
B. I and IV only
C. II and IV only
D. I and II only

Answer 1

Hint: Pituitary gland plays a major role in performing vital body functions that’s why it is also known as master gland. It controls secretion of hormones. It senses the body's need and governs the glands to work accordingly. Pituitary gland produces many types of hormones some of these are adrenocorticotropic hormone, growth hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

Complete answer:
Pituitary gland (hypophysis) is located in the hollow base of the skull, beneath the brain and behind the nose. It is divided into two main parts that are anterior pituitary gland (Adenohypophysis) and posterior pituitary gland (neurohypophysis). Anterior pituitary attached to the brain while posterior pituitary is the actual part of the brain.
Pituitary gland consists of many regions which perform their specific function. Anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis is divided into two regions that are pars distalis and pars intermediary. Posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis consist of pars nervosa.
Growth hormone(GH), Prolactin(PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone(LH), follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) are the hormones secreted by pars distalis region of anterior pituitary.
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) secreted by pars intermedia which is the only hormone produced by this region.
Posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis consists of pars nervosa which secretes and stores two types of hormones that are oxytocin and vasopressin.
From the above information we can say that pars distalis secrete growth hormone and Prolactin hormone while MSH and vasopressin secreted by pars intermedia and pars nervosa respectively.

So, the right answer is I and II only.

Note: Pituitary gland performs a vital role in our body as the hormones produced by it regulate various body parts and organs. Improper functioning of the pituitary gland may lead to many types of disorders or diseases such as acromegaly, Cushing’s disease, diabetes insipidus, Hypopituitarism and many more. It also secretes hormones that act on adrenal glands, thyroid glands, ovaries and testes. It also controls metabolism, sexual maturation, reproduction, blood pressure and many physical processes.