Question

What is Optical Fiber? On what principle does it work?

Answer 1

Hint- In this question we will first try to understand the meaning of optical fiber then we will proceed further to get the knowledge about its working and the principle of the working on the basis of its construction and the materials used in its manufacture.

Complete step-by-step answer:

Optical fiber: A type of cable which can be easily used to transmit the given data through the use of some special type of fibers (threads) or some plastic (glass) is called an optical fiber cable. These types of optical fiber cable contain a set of glass threads which is used to transmit modulated messages and signals over some special types of light waves.
The principle of working of the optical fiber is based on the phenomenon of total internal reflection. The transmission of the information is in the form of light atoms which are photons.
The core of optical fiber is of the fiberglass & the cladding have a special refractive index to twist inward light at a particular angle. Whenever the light gestures or signals are sent by the optical cable, then they do not bend over the cladding & core but form continuous zigzag bounces this phenomenon is named as total internal reflection.

Note- There are many advantages of using these cables over other types of communication cables, such as high bandwidth of these cables, less vulnerable to interference than metal cables, less thin, lighter, and the data can be transmitted in digital form. The main disadvantages of these cables are installation is expensive, more delicate and difficult to fix together.