Question

When one organism is benefited without affecting the others, this relationship is called-
A. Parasitism
B. Commensalism
C. Saprophytism
D. Symbiosis

Answer 1

Hint: As we knew that, organisms are dependent on each other for their food requirement. Some creatures which are plants are dependent on inorganic and energy sources while mostly are dependent on animals for their diet. This is commonly termed as a food chain. Food chain is the interaction between the organisms and plants for their own diet. Food cycles having their own benefits such as- continuous intaking of food can help in maintaining the population in diversity.

Complete answer:
Option A: Parasitism- parasitism is the most commonly known food term where an organism depends on other bodies of organisms which are called as host’ body and get benefitted by them. While the host body gets harmed by the organism. Two types of parasitism lie- a- exo-parasitism and b- endo-parasitism. Exo-parasitism is where the parasite resides on the body’s surface of the host; and endo-parasitism is where the parasite lives inside the host’s body, that is cells or organs.
Option A is not the correct answer.
Option B: Commensalism- commensalism is the term where organisms neither get benefitted nor get harmed by the presence or interaction of the other organism. The biological interaction always required the involvement of two organisms.
Option B is the correct answer.
Option C: Saprophytism – saprophytes are the organism which survive and thrive on dead and decaying matter. Hence the term saprophytism referred to the organisms which live on decomposing matter or dead animals.
Option C is not the correct answer.
Option D: Symbiosis- symbiosis is the relationship between the two organisms where one between the two get benefitted and the other one neither gets benefit nor harmed. They can be neutral too. Symbiosis has three parts- commensalism, parasitism and mutualism.
Option D is not the correct answer.

Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

Note:
As we discussed how commensalism works, let us discuss some examples. Examples of commensalism are- sea anemone and clownfish. As sea anemone provides shelter to the clownfish as a result clownfish provides anemone food in the form of poop or its waste matter which provide nutrients to the plant. The anemone also provides protection to the fish.