Question

How have the Northern plains become fertile? State any three reasons.

Answer 1

Hint: Northern plains are also known as Indo-gangetic plain is a fertile plain which encompasses the northern regions of the Indian Subcontinent. It is formed by three three major river systems.

Complete answer: Northern plains are also known as Indo-gangetic plain. They are the largest plains covering many rivers that are running from Himalayan mountains. They are mainly formed by the alluvial deposits by three major river systems i.e. the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra along with their tributaries.
Northern plains are fertile because of these three reasons:
1) Alluvium has moisture retentive capacity which makes the land fertile.
2)The silt deposited by the river ganga and its tributaries makes the plain fertile.
3) When it floods, it deposits a layer of fine soil which is rich in minerals, salts, nutrient-rich silt, sediment, and distributes it across a wide area.
Besides this, it has favourable climatic conditions which help plants and crops to grow.

States which come under the northern plain are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Haryana, Delhi and West Bengal. Wheat, Rice, maize, sugarcane and jute are grown in these regions.

Note: Northern plains regional divisions are: the Punjab plains, the Ganga plains, and the Brahmaputra plains. Chota nagpur Plateau is at the southern edge of the plain.