Question

Nocturnal periodicity is exhibited by
A. Yersinia
B. Ascaris
C. Rhabditiform larva
D. Microfilaria

Answer 1

Hint: Nocturnal periodicity is the circadian rhythm with a primary expression of periodicity occurring during the night time and the release of or movement of the parasite into the peripheral blood during night time. This character is exhibited by Microfilaria.

Complete answer:
Wchereria bancrofti larvae called microfilariae show the nocturnal periodicity. It is less active during the day. This Wchereria bancrofti causes lymphatic filariasis in humans. There are three different filarial species which cause filariasis, the most common one is Wuchereria bancrofti and the other has named as Brugia malayi and Brugia timori, the infection is spread by a mosquito bite from an infected person to a non-infected person. The other name of this disease is elephantiasis, in this disease, the lower limbs of the infected person become swollen and look like elephant feet swelling occurs due to accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the lymphatic vessel. The lymphatic fluid circulation occurs in one way that why lower limbs swell up. This disease can not be cured but it can be controlled by taking some kind of wormicide medicine.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Additional information:
> Option A:
Yersinia is a genus of bacteria which are gram-negative coccobacillus bacteria, it is facultative anaerobic bacteria, some of the species of this genus are pathogenic to humans. Yersinia pestis is the causative agent that causes plague and it is naturally found in rodents.

> Option B:
Acariasis is the worm parasitic disease caused by a giant worm called Ascaris lumbricoides which is the species of roundworm. It is spread by infected person faeces that reaches to the drinking water, food or in soil. The infected person suffers from weight loss, severe abdominal pain, vomiting and bloody stools.

> Option C:
Rhabditiform larva is a larva that develops into a filarial worm which is roundworm. This larva arises from Strongyloides stercoralis, which is the causative agent of Strongyloidiasis in humans. This worm is also called a threadworm. This parasite Rhabditiform larva becomes filariform in the large intestine, penetrates the intestinal mucosa and then migrates to other organs.

Note: Parasitic worms are the organism which lives inside or the body of the host to get the nutrition and complete their life cycle. These parasitic worms can be transmitted by contaminated food or water and another vector such as mosquito bite or consuming meat food.