Question

NMEP stands for
A) National Mosquito Eradication Plan
B) National Malaria Elimination Programme
C) National Malaria Eradication Programme
D) National Malaria Eradication Process

Answer 1

Hint: The plasmodium parasites enter inside the human body when the female Anopheles mosquito bites the person and causes malarial fever.

Complete Answer:
- The plasmodium transmitted to the human body by the Anopheles mosquito species as a vector. The plasmodium is present in the saliva of the Anopheles mosquito. The plasmodium enters in the circulatory system and feeds on protein and haemoglobin.
- There are two stages of plasmodium life cycle: the cycle in mosquitoes and the cycle in humans. Inside mosquito plasmodium has three stages the infection with sporozoites in human, asexual reproduction, and sexual reproduction.
- The first two stages take place inside the human body and the third stage starts in the human body but is completed inside the mosquito. The asexual reproduction of plasmodium life cycle is divided into pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic phase.
- After the inoculation of the parasite within 30-60 minutes the sporozoites reach the liver through blood circulation. Inside the liver the sporozoites start dividing and in 6-7 days it leads to formation of schizonts. Thousands of merozoites are formed from each of the schizont and released to the bloodstream.
- Then the second stages begin by invading the red blood cells and rapturing the RBC. The next stage is the erythrocytic schizont, in this stage the parasitaemia occurs.
- The Anopheles mosquito bite the infected person and starts the development of plasmodium inside the mosquito; it takes the gametophyte and matures it to become microgametes and macrogametes. Inside the mosquito gut microgametes start division and fertilise macrogametes to form zygote.
- It is a fatal disease that causes many deaths, to solve this many steps were taken by the government and the National Malaria Elimination Programme is one of them in which people are being aware and educating the fatality of malaria and the process of it eradication.

Hence, the correct option is ‘B’ National Malaria Elimination Programme.

Note: Scientists around the world are trying to develop a safe and effective vaccine for malaria. As of yet, however, there is still no malaria vaccine approved for human use.