Question

Neurons receive signals through their _____ and send signals to other neurons through their _____.
A. Dendrites ... receptors
B. End feet... cell bodies and dendrites
C. Cell bodies and dendrites ... axons
D. Transmitter vesicles ... axons

Answer 1

Hint: Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. These help to transmit signals from body to brain and vice-versa. To perform this function, it forms certain connections with other neurons.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
As shown in the figure, the neuron has two ends. The soma or the cell body has cytoplasmic extensions called dendrites which further branch off. The other end has axon terminals. The long slender part that connects these two ends is an axon. This is wrapped around my myelin sheath except at some points called Node of Ranvier. These nodes help in quicker conduction of signal transmission.

For signal transmission, at least two neurons are required to be placed in such a manner that one neuron’s cell body (called postsynaptic neuron) faces another neuron’s axon terminals (called the pre synaptic neuron). The presynaptic neuron receives a signal which passes through the nerve fibre, reaching the axon terminals. The bulbous ends of these terminals secrete a neurotransmitter which is passed to the postsynaptic neuron via a gap called synaptic cleft.

Image: Structure of a Neuron


Thus, the correct answer is C: Cell bodies and dendrites ... axons

Note: The nervous system is divided into two parts: Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord while Peripheral nervous system consists of all the neurons that extend from these two organs to other parts of the body.