Question

Name two unique features regarding the reproduction of flowering plants.

Answer 1

Hint:-Reproduction means producing offspring for the survival of species. Plant reproduction is the production of new individuals or offspring in plants, which can be accomplished by sexual or asexual reproduction.

Complete answer:
- Flowering plants also called angiosperms, use sexual mode of reproduction. Reproduction in plants mainly revolve around the flower which has both the male and female gametes.
- All parts of flower aid in the process of reproduction, although some are sterile.
- Flowering plants are the dominant plant form on land and they reproduce by sexual and asexual means.
- Their most distinguishing feature is their reproductive organ, commonly called flower.
- Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the production of male and female gametes, the transfer of the male gametes to the female ovules in a process called pollination.
- The sperm from the pollen grain migrate into the ovule to fertilize the egg cell and central cell within the female gametophyte in a process termed double fertilization.
- The male reproductive part of the flower is stamen which contains anther and filament.
- The anther is the region where pollen grains are produced for pollination and filament supports the anther.
- Stamen is the region in which microsporangium or pollen sac is present.
- Gynoecium is the female reproductive organ containing the pistil, which further includes stigma, style and ovary that is the basal part
- The stigma is the region of contact for pollen to enter the pistil and receive pollen from anthers
- Pollination is the process in which the pollen grains from another is deposited on the receptive and reproductive region of stigma in the pistil.
- Double fertilization is a complex fertilization that takes a long time to flower. In this process, a female gamete is joined with two male gametes.

Note:- Flowers are the modification of a shoot. The flowers that lack one or other reproductive organ are called unisexual or imperfect. In ovaries, the different modification helps in the dispersal of seeds and fruits in some floral parts like a calyx (sepals).