Question

Name two sectional interest groups.

Answer 1

Hint: In a representative democracy, there are two types of organisations. The first one is statutory/institutional organisations which are established by the laws of the State and are authorised to carry out functions of the State. Examples of these kinds of organisations are the legislature, executive, judiciary and such. The second one is non-statutory organisations which are formed by people for various purposes but are not vested authority by the State. Examples of these would be political parties, interest groups, pressure groups, etc. When many people, large or small, with a common social, cultural, trade of business or other such interests organise themselves, an interest group is formed.

Complete answer: Sectional interest groups specifically organise based on common interest and their concern lies in the betterment of their interests, not the society as a whole. They do not participate in electoral politics and neither do they have a role in the governance of the State. Their responsibility is to serve as a link between the government and the people to keep the government or the representatives informed of the wishes and demands of the people. They provide an alternate source of advice other than the civil servants, about a specific need of their group. Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, Federation of All India Food grain Dealers Association, All-India Trade Union Congress are some examples of sectional interest groups in India.

Note: Do not confuse sectional interest groups with public interest groups. Public interest groups are organised not only to benefit people in the groups but even beyond it. They promote issues of general public concern like environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, etc.