Question

Name two main types of carbohydrates found in our food.

Answer 1

Hint: The main purpose of carbohydrates is to provide energy in our bodies. Simple and complex carbohydrates are the two types of carbohydrates in nature. The simple carbohydrates can be digested very easily while complex carbohydrates take some time for digestion.

Complete answer:
Starch and sugar are the two main types of carbohydrates found in our food.
Starch: The carbohydrates are stored as reserve food as starch in most of the plants. Starch is stored in the form of starch grains whose shape and size are species-specific. Starch is a polysaccharide which is glucose monomers joined together. Starch is manufactured in the green leaves of plants from the excess of glucose produced during the process of photosynthesis.
Sugar: It is the sweet and water-soluble compound present in the sap of seeded plants and the milk of mammals and making up the simplest group of carbohydrates. Chemically these are monosaccharides. Sucrose is the most common sugar, crystalline, and industrial sweetener used in foods and beverages.

Additional Information: -Glucose is a type of Monosaccharide and is the simplest sugar, which can be readily absorbed by the body.
-Unlike any other carbohydrates, glucose does not have to be processed by the digestive system for energy. The body can easily absorb this kind of sugar molecule.
-Once inside, glucose undergoes the oxidation process, which results in the release of ATP, a high-energy molecule that provides energy for the cell.
-When carbohydrates or fats are used as respiratory fuel, then it is called as floating respiration.
-The small intestine has pancreatic amylase for the digestion of carbohydrates from food.

Note: Glucose (simplest sugar) is present abundantly in the body fuel. It is also known as the carbohydrate currency of the body. 4.0 Kcal is the physiological fuel value of glucose. Glucose provides energy for about 60% of the energy needs of an adult. One glucose molecule produces about 38 ATP molecules (i.e., 280 Kcal).