Question

Name the five kingdoms recognised by Robert H. Whittaker in 1969.

Answer 1

Hint: The classification of organisms is done to make the study of organisms easy. RH Whittaker gave the five-kingdom classification system. The problems which were not solved by two kingdom and three kingdom classification were solved by this classification system.

Complete answer:
First, we should know about five kingdoms to answer this question. In 1959, Robert H. Whittaker suggested a five-kingdom grouping of living organisms on the basis of the cell structure, mode and source of nutrition and body composition classification system of Linnaeus as key features. Monera, Protista, Algae, Plantae, and Animalia are the five kingdoms described by Whittaker.
The basis for dividing organisms into five kingdoms is
-Based on structure of cell: Two wide cell structure divisions are available: eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Under the kingdom of Monera, all prokaryotes that do not have well defined organelles come and rest in other kingdoms.
-Based on cell numbers: It is divided into single and multicellular cells. In the Protista kingdom, unicellular eukaryotes are placed, while in other kingdoms, multicellular eukaryotes are kept.
Nutrition Mode and Source: Based on type of nutrition, cells are classified into autotrophic and heterotrophic. animals were heterotrophic and plants were autotrophic.
Monera were the first kingdom and bacteria are grouped under this kingdom.
Protista includes multicellular and eukaryotic organisms and has diatoms, euglenoids, and flagellates.
Fungi includes multicellular and eukaryotic organisms. Their cell wall is made up of chitin. It includes basidiomycetes, deuteromycetes.
Plants are autotrophic organisms that they can make on their own while animals are heterotrophic and do not possess cell walls.

Note: Scientists started sorting and classifying living beings into separate groups very early on. Some biologists also grouped species into animals and plants. Such scientists who tried a wider method of classification include Robert Whittaker, Ernst Haeckel, and Carl Woese. Among these, Robert Whittaker's suggested Five Kingdom Concept stands out and is commonly used