Question

Name any 2 non-electrolyte substances.

Answer 1

Hint: Compounds which do not dissociate at all into its cation and anion are termed as non-electrolytes. They are different from electrolytes as they do not conduct electricity when placed in a galvanic cell while electrolytes conduct electricity.

Complete step by step solution:
-Based on the property of the compounds being able to dissociate into their jobs, they are classified in 2 groups- electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Electrolytes are further classified as strong and weak electrolytes.
-Electrolyte is a compound which dissociates into its constituent ions, cation and anion in presence of DC current under the process of electrolysis.
-Many types of compound can be used as electrolytes but the most preferred compounds are acids, bases and salts.
-Acids are the compounds that donate $H^{+}$ion to become anion. Bases are compounds that accept the $H^{+}$ion and convert into cation. Salts are the compounds formed mainly by the reaction of acids and bases.
-Electrolytes dissolve in water to form a solution and that solution conducts electricity by dissociating into ions.
Eg. $NaCl\left(s\right)\to N{a}^{+}\left(aq\right)+C{l}^{-}\left(aq\right)$
Water is added as solvent so that the ions can become mobile. Only then they can conduct electricity.
-Strong electrolytes are those which can dissociate to a very large extent to give the respective cations and anions. Weak electrolytes are those which dissociate very less and so the ions formed are not much which reduces the conductivity of the solution.
-Dissociation of strong electrolytes is shown by a forward arrow and that of weak electrolytes is shown by double arrows.
$NaCl\left(s\right)\to N{a}^{+}\left(aq\right)+C{l}^{-}\left(aq\right)$
It signifies that this electrolyte is a strong electrolyte.
$$H_{2}O\rightleftarrows H^{+}+O{H}^{-}$$
It signifies that water is a weak electrolyte.
-Some examples of acids as strong electrolytes are HCl, HBr, HI, $HCl{O}_4,H_{2}S{O}_4$ and acids as weak electrolytes are $C{H}_{3}COOH,HF,H_{2}C{O}_3,H_{3}P{O}_4$
-Some examples of bases as strong electrolytes are NaOH, KOH, LiOH, $Ca{\left(OH\right)}_2$ and bases as weak electrolytes are ammonia, pyridine.
-Some examples of salts as strong electrolytes are NaCl, KCl, $N{H}_{4}Cl$ and salts which are weak electrolytes are AgCl, $PbC{l}_2$
-Non-electrolytes cannot dissociate into its cations and anions at all. They are very poor electrical conductors. They do not dissociate into ions either in melted state or when dissolved in water. Their solutions do not conduct electricity.
-Non-electrolytes are covalent compounds which are in contrast to the ionic bond of the electrolytes. They are generally non-polar compounds. There are many non-electrolytes like plastic, ethyl alcohol, glucose, fructose, sucrose.



Note: Non-electrolytes are non conductors of electricity and so are very helpful in making the handles of the electrical appliances so that the current does not pass through the device to the user under any circumstance. Air is also a non-electrolyte.