Question

Mention the action of following on the human body in bringing relief from a disease.
i.) Brompheniramine
ii.) Aspirin
iii.) Equanil

Answer 1

Hint: Brompheniramine acts as antihistamines. Histamine is responsible for nasal congestion associated with common cold. Aspirin acts as analgesic. Analgesics helps in relieving pain. Equanil acts as tranquilizer. tranquilizers are used for treatment of stress.

Complete step by step answer:
(i)Brompheniramine
-Histamine contracts smooth muscles in bronchi. Histamine is responsible for nasal congestion associated with common cold and allergic response to pollen.
-Brompheniramine acts as antihistamines. They compete with histamine for binding site and interfere with the action of histamine.
-Brompheniramine relieves red itchy eyes, runny nose due to allergies and common cold.

(ii) Aspirin
 Aspirin belongs to class non-narcotic analgesics. Analgesics reduce or abolish pain without disturbing consciousness or causing disturbance of the nervous system. Aspirin is also used in arthritis to reduce inflammation. Aspirin inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins stimulate inflammation and cause pain. They also increase the temperature of the body. Aspirin is used to reduce body temperature. Antipyretic drugs reduce fever and prevent blood coagulation.
-Aspirin also reduces fever by irreversibly binding to cyclooxygenase.
-Antipyretic drugs reduce fever by inhibiting cyclooxygenase and prostaglandins.

(iii) Equanil
-Equanil belongs to the class of tranquilizers. Tranquilizers are used for treatment of stress, mild or severe mental diseases.
-noradrenaline plays an important role in maintaining mood. If the level of noradrenaline is low, person suffers from depression.
Antidepressant drugs are used to treat depression, anxiety. They work by balancing neurotransmitters that affect mood and emotions. They inhibit enzymes which catalyze degradation of noradrenaline.
-Equanil is used in controlling depression and hypertension.

Note: side effects of Brompheniramine includes dizziness, dry nose, stomach pain etc. Side effects of aspirin are stomach ulcers, heartburn, drowsiness. Equanil has side effects like drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting etc. Histamine contracts smooth muscles in bronchi. Noradrenaline plays an important role in maintaining mood. Aspirin also reduces fever by irreversibly binding to cyclooxygenase.