Question

Match the terms given in column-I with their description given in column-II and choose the correct option.

	Column I		Column II
A.	ABO Blood group	I.	Dihybrid cross
B.	Law of Segregation	II.	Monohybrid cross
C.	Law of Independent Assortment	III.	Base pair substitution
D.	Gene mutation	IV.	Multiple allelism

A. A-II; B-I; C-IV; D-III
B. A-IV; B-I; C-II; D-III
C. A-IV; B-II; C-I; D-III
D. A-II; B-III; C-IV; D-I

Answer 1

Hint: Multiple allelism refers to the presence of three or more alleles for a single gene that controls a single trait. According to Mendel's law of segregation, a randomly chosen allele from a diploid organism helps a trait pass to its progeny.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
When three or more alleles of a gene are present, it is referred to as having multiple alleles. Alleles are various or opposing variations of a gene. One allele, for instance, may provide tallness while the other may cause dwarfism in the gene that determines height. However, multiple allelism occurs when there are more than two gene variants at the same locus. Other example of multiple allelism is ABO blood grouping.
Law of segregation states that the characters are pairs that split apart during meiosis. A pair of alleles for a specific attribute in an individual. It claims that the two alleles present at the same locus separate from one another during gamete development. Any one of the alleles has an equal chance of being present in each gamete. The other allele is unaffected by the separation of the alleles. An example of this is Monohybrid cross
According to the law of independent assortment, one pair of traits segregates from another pair of traits on its own during the development of gametes. Gregor Mendel presented this law in 1865. The dihybrid cross's ratio is 9:3:3:1. The third Mendel law or the third law of inheritance are other names for the Law of Independent Assortment. An example for this is the Dihybrid Cross
The term "mutation" refers to a change or variation that occurs in the genetic material. This change or variation may be beneficial for survival or it may be detrimental since the altered genetic material may result in a genetic condition that may endanger the life of an individual. The mutation can be caused by Base pair mutation.
Hence, the correct option is C. A-IV; B-II; C-I; D-III.

Note: No confusion should be created between multiple allelism and pleiotropy. To solve this question, we should learn each and every definition with their respective examples. Mendel proposed three laws which are known as laws of inheritance.