Question

Match the following columns and choose the correct option

COLUMN I	COLUMN II
A. Mutation Breeding	1. Laborious and expensive process to obtain gene variation.
B. Selection	2. Hybrid vigour can be maintained for several generations.
C. Hybridisation	3. Simplest and easiest method of plant improvement.
D. Introduction	4. Oldest breeding method.
	5. Quick method to obtain gene variation.

A) A-5, B-4, C-1, D-2
B) A-5, B-4, C-1, D-3
C) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
D) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-5

Answer 1

Hint:Genetic modification has created the necessary variation for the evolution of animals. Changes in biodiversity were not just necessary for adaptation in the agricultural processes of species interbreeding and crop development, the natural world was also manipulated by man.

Complete answer
Let us find the answer from the options-
- >The method of creating a new variety is known as mutation breeding, by modifying the genome by X-ray or UV radiation. It's a simple method to get variance in the genome.
-> Selection is the oldest plant breeding process, and is the basis for all crop enhancement programmes. It is the most rudimentary form and the most efficient.
-> Importing improved plant varieties from abroad, and acclimatizing them into the local climate, is called the introduction. It is the easiest and cheapest way of developing the plants.
->Hybridization is the result of interbreeding between two different species or those of the same species that are genetically divergent. Hybridised embryos may be fertile, partly fertile or sterile.
->The obtaining of gene variation is a laborious and costly process.
Thus, the correct option is option (B) i.e. A-5, B-4, C-1, D-3.

Note:In an individual the existence of three or four sets of chromosomes is considered polyploidy. It is commonly seen in plants and is very uncommon in animals. It is caused by the sister chromatids not disjunction during the recombination.