Question

Match the evolution concepts given in column-I with their description given in column-II and select the correct answer.

Column I	Column II
A. Mutation	(i) the drastic change in population's frequencies
B. Gene flow	(ii) Differences in survival and reproduction among variant individuals.
C. Natural selection	(iii) Immigration, emigration change allele frequencies
D. Genetic drift	(iv) Source of new alleles

(A) A-I; B-II; C-III; D-IV
(B) A-IV; B-II; C-III; D-I
(C) A-III; B-I; C-IV; D-II
(D) A-IV; B-III; C-II; D-I

Answer 1

Hint: To answer such questions you must have brief knowledge about what is meant by mutation, gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift and you must also know what is their role in nature that is what role does each one of them play in evolution.
Step by step solution:
Mutation describes an abrupt shift in a gene's characteristics. DNA changes are referred to as mutations. A gene's genetic message is changed by a mutation. It causes the emergence of fresh traits that can be passed down. It happens either as a result of DNA damage or a replication error. A mutagen is a substance that can change a gene permanently. The following are some examples of typical mutagens: bromine, sodium azide, and x-rays.
Gene migration is another name for gene flow. The transfer of genetic material from one group to another is called gene flow. Through migration, gene flow can occur between two populations of the same species and is mediated via vertical gene transmission from parent to offspring and reproduction. This variety indicates that some people have more environment-appropriate characteristics than others. Genetic drift is the term used to describe the haphazard changes in gene variant frequencies within a population. Genetic drift occurs when the frequency of different alleles, or various forms of a gene, fluctuates over time through chance.
Hence, option (D) is correct.
Note: New alleles are created by allele mutation. Immigration and emigration affect the allele frequencies, causing gene flow. Natural selection causes disparities in the ability of variant individuals to reproduce and survive. The frequencies of the population are altered via genetic drift.