Question

Match column I with column II.

Column I	Column II
(P) External fertilization	(i) Earthworm
(Q) Internal fertilization	(ii) Cockroach
(R) Bisexual	(iii) Frogs and Fishes
(S) Unisexual	(iv) Birds and mammals.

A. P-(iv), Q-(iii), R-(i), S-(ii)
B. P-(iv), Q-(iii), R-(ii), S-(i)
C. P-(iii), Q-(iv), R-(ii), S-(i)
D. P-(iii), Q-(iv), R-(i), S-(ii).

Answer 1

Hint:When fertilization occurs outside the body of the organism, this type of gametic fusion is called external fertilization or external syngamy. The external medium such as water is required for this type of fertilization.

Complete answer:
To answer this question, first, we need to know about external and internal fertilization in organisms. Internal fertilization occurs inside the female body, and only the offspring grow there, while external fertilization occurs outside the body which is in the external aquatic surrounding.
Now, let us find the solution from the option.
Earthworm belongs to the phylum Annelida. It is hermaphrodite (bisexual). Self-fertilization is excluded by protandry, i.e., maturation of testes earlier than ovaries do.
Cockroach belongs to the phylum Arthropoda. Their genders are separate and differentiable externally (Sexual dimorphism).
In frogs and fish, their sexes are divided. Fertilization is exterior. Larva produces in some conditions.
Birds and mammals may be sexual dimorphisms. Testes are paired. Fertilization is incurred internally.

Thus, the correct option is D. i.e. P-(iii), Q-(iv), R-(i), S-(ii).

Note:Internal fertilization has the advantage of protecting the fertilized egg from dehydration on land. The embryo is present inside the female, which restricts predation on the young age. Internal fertilization increases the fertilization of eggs by a particular male. Fewer offspring are developed via this process, but their survival range is more compared to the external fertilization.