Question

List the Categories of Diseases Based On the Extent of Occurrence

Answer 1

Hint: As we know disease is a condition that deteriorates the normal functioning of the cells, tissues, and organs. It is often thought of as medical conditions that are characterized by their signs and symptoms. When a person is infected with a disease, the person exhibits a few symptoms and signs that range from normal to severe depending upon the persons’ medical condition.

Complete answer:
Diseases can be broadly classified into two types which are;
i) Infectious diseases - Diseases that spread from one person to another are also called communicable diseases. They are usually caused by microorganisms called pathogens such as fungi, rickettsia, bacteria, viruses, protozoans, worms.
ii) Non-infectious diseases - These diseases are caused by pathogens, but other factors such as age, nutritional deficiency, gender of an individual, and lifestyle also can influence the disease.

The different categories of diseases based on the extent of occurrence are as follows:
i) Epidemic diseases – are those diseases that break out and spread from place to place affecting a huge group of people at the same time.
ii) Endemic diseases – this disease is found in a particular area only attacking less number of people. For example yellow fever in some African countries
iii) Pandemic diseases – are diseases widely spread throughout the world. Example: AIDS
iv) Sporadic diseases – Scattered individual cases of a disease. Example: Malaria

Note: Diseases can be categorized based on different classification such as
i) Anatomic classification – based on the affected organ or tissue.
ii) Topographical classification – based on vascular disease, chest disease, GI disease and abdominal diseases.
iii) Physiological classification – diseases that affect a process or a function.
iv) Pathological classification – considers the nature of the disease.