Question

Lead chloride and silver chloride can be separated by:
A. Filtration
B. Distillation
C. Qualitative Analysis
D. Chromatography

Answer 1

Hint: We know that several of the time the substances that we look around us are not in their pure form. We can separate mixtures using various kinds of separation techniques. Some of the methods of separating mixtures are handpicking, distillation, magnetic separation, sieving, evaporation etc.

Complete answer:
> We must remember that the lead chloride and silver chloride could not be separated from the mixture with the help of the process of filtration. The particles of solute do not settle at the down when they are not disturbed which means a solution is stable. Option (A) is incorrect.
> We need to know that the distillation is utilized to separate components (or) substance from a mixture that is liquid with the help of selective boiling and condensation. Option (B) is incorrect.
We must know that the silver chloride and lead chloride could be separated on the basis of solubility.
> Silver chloride is insoluble in water however lead chloride is soluble in hot water therefore on this principle they could be separated easily.
> Based on its increased solubility, lead (II) chloride could be separated from silver chloride. We have to know that at higher temperature lead (II) chloride would be soluble in hot water, and silver chloride would be present in solid state:
> The dissociation reaction of lead (II) chloride would be given as,
$PbC{l_2}\left( s \right) \to P{b^{2 + }}\left( {aq} \right) + 2C{l^ - }\left( {aq} \right)$
> We can separate the cations of silver by adding a solution of ammonia to the solid silver chloride. Silver chloride would be dissolved because it leads to the formation of soluble complex ions with ammonia.
> The chemical equation would be written as,
$AgCl \downarrow + N{H_3} \to {\left[ {Ag{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]^ + } + C{l^ - }$
Hence, option (C) is correct.

Note: In general, based on the solubility, there are three methods to separate mixtures. One is dissolving, and the remaining two are filtration, and evaporation. What we have to do is mix the two solids into water. The solid which is soluble will get dissolved in water whereas the solid that is insoluble has to be filtered out. We can then obtain the solid which is soluble by evaporating the water.