Question

Larger subunit of ribosome contains:
A. Gyrase
B. Peptidyl transferase
C. Topoisomerase
D. RNA - polymerase
Solution:

Answer 1

Hint: All cells include ribosomes, which are complex molecular machinery that carry out biological protein synthesis such as the mRNA translation. To create polypeptide chains, ribosomes combine amino acids in the order dictated by the codons of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.
Complete step-by-step solution:
The small and large ribosomal subunits are the two main parts of ribosomes. Numerous ribosomal proteins and one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules make up each subunit. Both of the two distinct subunits found in ribosomes are necessary for translation.
The large subunit (60S in eukaryotes) catalyses the synthesis of the peptide bonds while the small subunit (40S in eukaryotes) decodes the genetic message.
The two primary chemical events of protein synthesis—peptide bond formation and peptide release—are catalysed by the ribosomal peptidyl transferase centre (PTC), which is found in the large ribosomal subunit.
Hence, option B is the correct answer i.e, Peptidyl transferase.
The ribosome's peptidyl transferase activity catalyses the creation of peptide bonds between the neighbouring amino acids.
Note:
The P site, A site, and E site are the three binding sites in a ribosomal structure. Because the aminoacyl tRNA enters the A site, it is known as the aminoacyl site. A free amine and an amino acid residue in an ester bond linked to the A site are both present in the structure. There is a tRNA connected to the P site, which is a peptidyl site. It's crucial to remember that Peptidyl Transferase cycles always start with a tRNA that has a developing peptide chain in the P site.