Question

Lack of relaxation between successive stimuli in sustained muscle contraction is known as
A) Spasm
B) Fatigue
C) Tetanus
D) Tonus

Answer 1

Hint: The spasms affect muscles that assist in breathing, which may lead to issues in breathing. Sudden, strong, and painful contractions of muscle groups are triggered by sustained muscular activity. These incidents can cause muscle tears and fractures.

Complete Answer:
Muscle contraction is the stimulation of sites within muscle fibres that produce stress. Muscle contraction does not inherently mean muscle shortening in physiology, since muscle stress can be generated without adjustments in muscle duration, such as holding a thick object or a dumbbell in the same place.

Now, let us find the solution from the options-
- Tetanus is a serious, frequently lethal nervous system illness characterized by nerve toxins formed by the Clostridium tetani bacterium.
- This bacterium is present in the soil and human intestine and in animals across the globe.
- Until being activated, the bacterium can also lie dormant for years in its spore form and grow into a bacterium that reproduces regularly.
- The tetanus toxin, especially at the neuromuscular junction, influences the connexion between the muscle and the nerve it activates.
-The tetanus toxin enhances the chemical substance from the nerve to the muscle, inducing constant contraction or spasm to tense up the muscles.
-This results in muscle spasms that are either localised or generalised.
- In the jaw muscles, the tetanus sometimes starts with slight spasms.
- The chest, spine, back, and pelvic muscles may also be affected by spasms. Arching is also caused by back muscle spasms, termed opisthotonos.

Thus, the correct answer is option (C) Tetanus.

Note: Tetanus toxin can lead to muscle spasms, nursing loss, and seizures in neonates. Usually, this happens during the first two weeks of birth and may be associated with inadequate measures of hygiene of care for the neonate's umbilical cord stump.