Question

Karyology is the study of
A. Cytoplasm
B. Cell
C. Mitochondria
D. Nucleus

Answer 1

Hint: Cell has various cell organelles which are differentiated according to their morphology and their functioning. A cell is the basic unit of life thus performing all the activities in it to support life. A single cell can perform all the functions that are why the one-celled organism also exists.

Complete answer:
The cell has various organelles. They all have vital functions to perform. Some of them have complex working so it requires a thorough study of them. This makes separate science for them.
> Option A: Cytoplasm is the fluid in the cell in which all the organelles float or are embedded. This is also called cytosol. It has various inclusions and projections.

> Option B: Cell biology is the study of cells. It includes all the organelles and cell sap. Their requirements and functioning are studied under this.

> Option C: Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. It produces the ATP required for the body’s work. It can do the programmed cell death.

> Option D: The study of the nucleus is karyology. It includes the cytological study of the nucleus. It majorly includes chromosomes, genetic systems, membranes etc. It is the systematic study of nucleus components.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Nucleus forms at least 15 % of the cell volume. It is membrane in eukaryotes, the DNA is tightly packed in the nucleus. It produces proteins required for the major functioning of the metabolisms in our body. Some cells like neurons are not nucleated. They form nucleosomes in its centre.