Question

Inheritance of skin color in humans is an example of
A. Chromosomal aberration
B. Point mutation
C. Polygenic inheritance
D. Codominance

Answer 1

Hint: The color of human skin varies from the darkest brown to the lightest shades. Variation in pigmentation, which is a result of genetics (inherited from one’s biological parents), sun exposure, or both, causes differences in skin color across individuals. Because of variances in the environment, distinctions between groups emerged through natural selection and govern the biochemical consequences of UV light penetrating the skin.

Complete answer :
Option A Chromosomal aberration : Changes in the structure or quantity of chromosomes, which are strands of condensed genetic material, are known as chromosomal aberrations or abnormalities. A chromosomal aberration is a change in the number or structure of one or more chromosomes that can result in medical problems. Inheritance of skin color is not due to chromosomal aberration. Hence option A is not correct.
Option B Point mutation : A point mutation, also known as a substitution, occurs when a single nucleotide base in an organism's DNA or RNA sequence is modified, inserted, or deleted. Inheritance of skin color is not due to point mutation. Hence option B is not correct.
Option C Polygenic inheritance : Polygenic inheritance is defined as quantitative inheritance, in which a single quantitative trait is influenced by numerous separate genes in an additive or comparable way. Polygenic inheritance can be seen in skin color. At least three genes are considered to influence skin colour, and other genes may potentially play a role. The amount of the dark colour pigment melanin in the skin determines skin color. The genes that control skin colour each have two alleles and are located on different chromosomes. Hence option C is the correct answer.
Option D Codominance : Co-dominance is a sort of dominance in which the children resemble both parents due to the blending of alleles. Skin color inheritance is not due to codominance. Hence option D is not correct.

Hence, option C. Polygenic inheritance is the correct answer

Note :
Any individual locus that is included in the system of genes responsible for the genetic component of variation in a quantitative (polygenic) attribute is referred to as a polygenic locus. Allelic substitutions play a role in the variance of a quantitative character. A polygenic locus can be a single gene or a set of functionally related genes.