Question

What influences the distance moved by a fragment within an electric field?
I) The number of amino acids in the fragment.
II) The amount of electric current used in apparatus.
III) The porosity of the gel matrix.

A) I only
B) II only
C) I and II only
D) II and III only
E) I, II and III

Answer 1

Hint: Electric field in a region has some specific direction of $\overrightarrow{E}$ component at different points. Electric field (E) is a vector quantity. Electric power is defined as the rate per unit time, at which electrical energy is transferred by a circuit. Electric power is produced by an electric generator and the SI unit of power is watt.

Complete step-by-step solution:
Electric current is defined as the time rate of net motion of an electric charge across a cross-sectional boundary. A random motion of electrons in a metal does not consume current unless there is a net transfer of charge with time
The number of amino acids in fragments determines their size and gel possesses more resistance to movement of larger molecules than the smaller ones. Under the applied electric field the gel electrophoresis separates fragments as they move with different speeds. The amount of electric field determines the amount of opposite charge available to make the fragment move and porosity of gel determines allowed the size of fragments to pass through it.
The distance moved by a fragment within an electric field is influenced by the number of amino acids in the fragment, The amount of electric current used in the apparatus and the porosity of the gel matrix.
So the correct option is E.

Note: Electrical energy is expressed in terms of kilowatt-hour (kWh) 1kwh=1000watt-hours=3.6MJ. SI unit of current is ampere (A). Power is defined as the product of voltage and current. Students SI unit of electric charge is coulomb and it is represented by C. The SI unit of work is joule and SI unit of current is ampere (A).