Question

In which of the following process fused sodium chloride is electrolysed for extraction of
 Sodium?
 A. Castner process
 B. Cyanide process
 C. Down’s process
 D. Both (2) and (3)

Answer 1

Hint: According to the question, firstly, we have to know from which process the extraction of Sodium occurs. Then, know the principle and implementation of that electrolysis process of Sodium Chloride.

Complete step by step answer:
Sodium metal is extracted by “Down’s Process”, on the industrial scale.
-Down’s Process is based on the principle of electrolysis of fused or molten Sodium Chloride $(NaCl)$.
Down’s cell in which this process occurs, consists of a rectangular container of steel. Inside the container, it is lined with firebricks. There is also the role of anode and cathode. Anode is a graphite rod which projects centrally up through the base of the cell. Cathode is a ring of iron, which surrounds the anode.
-Both anode and cathode are isolated from one another by a round and hollow formed bandage diaphragm, so that they are kept separated from one another. A bell like hood is lowered over the anode. Exactly when this stomach is taken out from the cell, the consequences of the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride react to make sodium hypo-chlorite, which is the underlying stage in the readiness of hypochlorite blurs, for instance, Clorox.

Hence, the correct option is (C). Downs process.

Note: Electrolysis of aqueous $(NaCl)$ results in hydrogen and chloride gas. At the anode (A), chloride $(Cl - )$ is oxidized to chlorine. The ion-selective membrane (B) allows the counterion $Na + $ to freely flow across, but prevents anions such as hydroxide $(OH - )$ and chloride from diffusing across.