Question

In which of the following pollens, pollenkitt is present?
(a) Anemophilous flowers
(b) Entomophilous flowers
(c) Zoophilous flowers
(d) Malacophilous flowers

Answer 1

Hint: Pollination is a chance process and requires the exchange of rewards like nectar and pollenkitt in return of the transfer of pollen so as to attract its pollinators.

Complete answer:
Pollenkitt or Pollen coat is a sticky substance secreted on the surface of the pollen of Entomophilous flowers or the flowers pollinated by insects. The flowers pollinated by insects and animals are usually of bright colors, scented, and produce nectar.
Examples - orchids, antirrhinum, primulas, etc. The pollination is mainly carried out by honey bees, wasps, ants, and bumblebees. The nectar and pollen kit act as floral rewards to the insects and help them produce honey. The polling kit is made up of lipids, proteins, and phenolic compounds.
The main functions of pollenkitt are as follows:
(a) The pollenkitt helps the pollen grains to be glued together and stick to the body surface of insects while traveling from one flower to the other.
(b) It helps another to hold pollen until dispersal.
(c) It prevents water loss from the pollen since it is waxy and facilitates pollen rehydration.
(d) It consists of sporophytic proteins responsible for the pollen pistil interaction.
(e) It protects the pollen from fungi, bacteria, and other pathogens.
(f) It makes the pollen more attractive and visible.
So, the correct answer is Entomophilous flowers.

Note:
1. The bees bear receptacles known as scopae found in legs, back of the thorax, and on the lateral sides of the abdomen. These receptacles help them to carry pollen grains.
2. Pollen grains are also carried in the pollen baskets present in the honey bees.
3. Entomophilous flowers have to release sticky pollen in very large quantities and have to spend lots of energy on the same.