Question

In Goldschmist alumino thermic process, thermite mixture is:
A. 3 parts $\text{F}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ and 2 parts Al
B. 3 parts $\text{A}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ and 4 parts Al
C. 1 part $\text{F}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ and 1 part Al
D. 3 parts $\text{F}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ and 1 part Al

Answer 1

Hint: Goldschmist alumino thermic process is a method of extracting metals by reducing the oxide with aluminium powder. Practically all the metallic oxides are reducible by this method, the chief exception being the oxide of magnesium.

Complete step-by-step answer:
The main aim of the Goldschmist alumino thermic process is the reduction of Aluminium. This process of reduction is used in the case of those oxides which cannot be easily reduced by carbon. In this process, the metallic oxides ores are mixed with aluminium powder commonly called thermite and placed in a steel crucible lined inside with a refractory material and ignited by magnesium ribbon.

By the use of this process a number of metals such as chromium and manganese are obtained on a commercial scale in a highly pure state.

By thermite, we mean it is a mixture of one metal oxide and another metal powder. A common thermite it consists of ferric oxide and Aluminium. The ferric oxide and Aluminium is in the ratio 3:1 by mass.

So, we can say that there are 3 parts of $\text{F}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ and 1 part of Al.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is Option D.

Note: The thermite mixture that is produced is used in the thermite welding of broken iron parts. The reduction of $\text{F}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$ by Al is a highly exothermic process. Due to this reason the iron that is formed, will be in the molten state.