Question

In a ruby laser, the colour of laser light is due to _____ atom.
A) Oxygen
B) Aluminium
C) Xenon
D) Chromium

Answer 1

Hint:First let us see what a ruby laser is:
A ruby laser is a strong state laser that utilizes a manufactured ruby precious stone as its benefit medium. The main working laser was a ruby laser made by Theodore H. "Ted" Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories on May 16, 1960.

Complete step by step solution:
A ruby laser regularly comprises a ruby bar that must be siphoned with high energy, normally from a flash tube, to accomplish a popular reversal. The rod is frequently positioned between two mirrors, framing an optical pit, which sway the light delivered by the ruby's fluorescence, causing invigorated discharge. Ruby is one of only a handful not many strong state lasers that produce light in the visible range of the spectrum, lasting at $694.3$ nanometres, in a dark red tone, with a thin line width of $0.53\,nm$.

The ruby laser is a three level strong state laser. The dynamic laser medium (laser gain/intensification medium) is an engineered ruby rod that is stimulated through optical siphoning, ordinarily by a xenon flash tube. Ruby has broad absorption bands in the visual range, at $400$ and $500\,nm$, and an extremely long fluorescence lifetime of $3$ milliseconds. This takes into account high energy siphoning, since the pulse span can be any longer than with different materials.

Ruby gem is made out of aluminium oxide, where a portion of the aluminium particles have been replaced with chromium molecules. Chromium gives the ruby its vibrant red tone.

Hence, option (D) is correct.

Note:Here we may get confused between xenon, aluminium and chromium but although ruby is made of aluminium and xenon only the chromium gives its bright red colour.